Locale::Maketext::Extract(3)

NAME
Locale::Maketext::Extract - Extract translatable strings from source

SYNOPSIS
    my $Ext = Locale::Maketext::Extract->new;
    $Ext->read_po('messages.po');
    $Ext->extract_file($_) for <*.pl>;

    # Set $entries_are_in_gettext_format if the .pl files above use
    # loc('%1') instead of loc('[_1]')
    $Ext->compile($entries_are_in_gettext_format);

    $Ext->write_po('messages.po');

    -----------------------------------

    ### Specifying parser plugins ###

    my $Ext = Locale::Maketext::Extract->new(

        # Specify which parser plugins to use
        plugins => {

            # Use Perl parser, process files with extension .pl .pm .cgi
            perl => [],

            # Use YAML parser, process all files
            yaml => ['*'],

            # Use TT2 parser, process files with extension .tt2 .tt .html
            # or which match the regex
            tt2  => [
                'tt2',
                'tt',
                'html',
                qr/\.tt2?\./
            ],

            # Use My::Module as a parser for all files
            'My::Module' => ['*'],

        },

        # Warn if a parser can't process a file or problems loading a plugin
        warnings => 1,

        # List processed files
        verbose => 1,

    );

DESCRIPTION
This module can extract translatable strings from files, and write them back to PO files. It can also parse existing PO files and merge their contents with newly extracted strings.

A command-line utility, xgettext.pl, is installed with this module as well.

The format parsers are loaded as plugins, so it is possible to define your own parsers.

Following formats of input files are supported:

Perl source files  (plugin: perl)
    Valid localization function names are: "translate", "maketext", "gettext", "loc", "x", "_" and "__".

    For a slightly more accurate, but much slower Perl parser, you can use the PPI plugin. This does not have a short name (like "perl"), but must be specified in full.

HTML::Mason (Mason 1) and Mason (Mason 2) (plugin: mason)
    HTML::Mason (aka Mason 1)
     Strings inside <&|/l>...</&> and <&|/loc>...</&> are extracted.

    Mason (aka Mason 2) Strings inside <% $.floc { %>...</%> or <% $.fl { %>...</%> or <% $self->floc { %>...</%> or <% $self->fl { %>...</%> are extracted.

Template Toolkit (plugin: tt2)
    Valid forms are:

      [% | l(arg1,argn) %]string[% END %]
      [% 'string' | l(arg1,argn) %]
      [% l('string',arg1,argn) %]

      FILTER and | are interchangeable
      l and loc are interchangeable
      args are optional

Text::Template (plugin: text)
    Sentences between "STARTxxx" and "ENDxxx" are extracted individually.

YAML (plugin: yaml)
    Valid forms are _"string" or _'string', eg:

        title: _"My title"
        desc:  _'My "quoted" string'

    Quotes do not have to be escaped, so you could also do:

        desc:  _"My "quoted" string"

HTML::FormFu (plugin: formfu)
    HTML::FormFu uses a config-file to generate forms, with built in support for localizing errors, labels etc.

    We extract the text after "_loc: ":
        content_loc: this is the string
        message_loc: ['Max string length: [_1]', 10]

Generic Template (plugin: generic)
    Strings inside {{...}} are extracted.

METHODS

  Constructor
    new()

    new(
        plugins   => {...},
        warnings  => 1 | 0,
        verbose   => 0 | 1 | 2 | 3,
    )

See "Plugins", "Warnings" and "Verbose" for details

  Plugins
    $ext->plugins({...});

Locale::Maketext::Extract uses plugins (see below for the list) to parse different formats.

Each plugin can also specify which file types it can parse.

    # use only the YAML plugin
    # only parse files with the default extension list defined in the plugin
    # ie .yaml .yml .conf

    $ext->plugins({
        yaml => [],
    })

    # use only the Perl plugin
    # parse all file types

    $ext->plugins({
        perl => '*'
    })

    $ext->plugins({
        tt2  => [
            'tt',              # matches base filename against /\.tt$/
            qr/\.tt2?\./,      # matches base filename against regex
            \&my_filter,       # codref called
        ]
    })

    sub my_filter {
        my ($base_filename,$path_to_file) = @_;

        return 1 | 0;
    }

    # Specify your own parser
    # only parse files with the default extension list defined in the plugin

    $ext->plugins({
        'My::Extract::Parser'  => []
    })

By default, if no plugins are specified, then it uses all of the builtin plugins, and overrides the file types specified in each plugin
 - instead, each plugin is tried for every file.

Available plugins

"perl"    : Locale::Maketext::Extract::Plugin::Perl
    For a slightly more accurate but much slower Perl parser, you can use the PPI plugin. This does not have a short name, but must be specified in full, ie: Locale::Maketext::Extract::Plugin::PPI

"tt2"     : Locale::Maketext::Extract::Plugin::TT2
"yaml"    : Locale::Maketext::Extract::Plugin::YAML
"formfu"  : Locale::Maketext::Extract::Plugin::FormFu
"mason"   : Locale::Maketext::Extract::Plugin::Mason
"text"    : Locale::Maketext::Extract::Plugin::TextTemplate
"generic" : Locale::Maketext::Extract::Plugin::Generic

Also, see Locale::Maketext::Extract::Plugin::Base for details of how to write your own plugin.

  Warnings
Because the YAML and TT2 plugins use proper parsers, rather than just regexes, if a source file is not valid and it is unable to parse the file, then the parser will throw an error and abort parsing.

The next enabled plugin will be tried.

By default, you will not see these errors. If you would like to see them, then enable warnings via new(). All parse errors will be printed to STDERR.

Also, if developing your own plugin, turn on warnings to see any errors that result from loading your plugin.

  Verbose
If you would like to see which files have been processed, which plugins were used, and which strings were extracted, then enable "verbose". If no acceptable plugin was found, or no strings were extracted, then the file is not listed:

      $ext = Locale::Extract->new( verbose => 1 | 2 | 3);

   OR
      xgettext.pl ... -v           # files reported
      xgettext.pl ... -v -v        # files and plugins reported
      xgettext.pl ... -v -v -v     # files, plugins and strings reported

  Accessors
    header, set_header
    lexicon, set_lexicon, msgstr, set_msgstr
    entries, set_entries, entry, add_entry, del_entry
    compiled_entries, set_compiled_entries, compiled_entry,
    add_compiled_entry, del_compiled_entry
    clear

  PO File manipulation
method read_po ($file)

method write_po ($file, $add_format_marker?)

  Extraction
    extract
    extract_file

  Compilation
compile($entries_are_in_gettext_style?)

Merges the "entries" into "compiled_entries".

If $entries_are_in_gettext_style is true, the previously extracted entries are assumed to be in the Gettext style (e.g. %1).

Otherwise they are assumed to be in Maketext style (e.g. "[_1]") and are converted into Gettext style before merging into "compiled_entries".

The "entries" are not cleared after each compilation; use "-"set_entries()> to clear them if you need to extract from sources with varying styles.

normalize_space

  Lexicon accessors
    msgids, has_msgid,
    msgstr, set_msgstr
    msg_positions, msg_variables, msg_format, msg_out

  Internal utilities
    _default_header
    _maketext_to_gettext
    _escape
    _format

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Thanks to Jesse Vincent for contributing to an early version of this module.

Also to Alain Barbet, who effectively re-wrote the source parser with a flex-like algorithm.

SEE ALSO
xgettext.pl, Locale::Maketext, Locale::Maketext::Lexicon

AUTHORS
Audrey Tang <cpan@audreyt.org>

COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2003-2008 by Audrey Tang <cpan@audreyt.org>.

This software is released under the MIT license cited below.

  The "MIT" License
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.